Peace Education in Curriculum of Educational Psychology in Teacher Education in Pakistan

Author(s) : Bakht Jamal 1, S. Asad Abbas Rizvi 2, Muhammad Munir Kayani 3

Abstract:

Curriculum development is the need of every society according to its philosophical needs. Peace in society is a basic need for human beings and their overall development. The study was designed to analyze peace education in the curriculum of ‘Educational Psychology’ at B.Ed. (Hons) Elementary 4 years. Qualitative research design for the study was adopted to achieve the research objectives. The curriculum approved of Educational Psychology for the 5th semester by the Higher Education Commission (Pakistan) in 2012 was analyzed. Braun and Clark recommended procedure in 2006 was adopted for content analysis. A tool was developed containing a list of all three aspects of peace education. The validation of the tool was ensured through experts’ opinions while reliability was established through Experts’ peer reliability process. Peace education themes were analyzed and further explained. Peace education has not been satisfactorily focused and the theme-wise analysis revealed that the frequency of peace knowledge themes addressed in the content were two out of nine (22%), peace values five out of 12 (41%) and peace skills three out of eight (37%). The unit-wise analysis revealed that two units out of five (40%) addressed peace knowledge while three out of five units (60%) addressed peace values and three out of five units (60%) were related to peace skills. It was concluded that a very small portion of the content addressed peace education and its subsidiary themes and recommended a review of the curriculum and giving an equal ratio to all themes in the content of Educational Psychology.

Keywords: Castro and Galace Model of Peace Education, Educational Psychology curriculum, Content Analysis, Teacher Education, Higher Education Commission,